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Model official English
statute
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Current Legislation
State Profile
Official English
Bilingual Education
English on the Job
Citizenship and
Immigration
Bilingual Ballots
Puerto Rican
Statehood
Ending E.O. 13166,
the "Multilingual Mandate"
Contact us:
1601 N. Kent St.
Suite 1100
Arlington, VA
22209
ph: (703) 816-8821
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("French,
etc." includes Patois and Cajun; "Spanish, etc." includes
Spanish Creole dialects; "Portuguese, etc." includes Portuguese
Creole dialects; "Amerindian langs." refers to languages
native to North America; "W German langs" refers to West-Germanic
languages besides German; "Mon-Khmer, etc." includes related
Indochinese dialects. Source: ProEnglish analysis of data from U.S.
Census Summary File 4)
| Alabama |
|
- |
Alaska |
|
- |
Arizona |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
89729 |
|
Amerindian langs. |
30165 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
927395 |
| German |
14905 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
16674 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
120060 |
| French, etc. |
13656 |
|
Tagalog |
8934 |
|
German |
25103 |
| Chinese |
5271 |
|
Korean |
4369 |
|
Chinese |
17111 |
| Vietnamese |
4561 |
|
German |
3574 |
|
French, etc. |
15663 |
| Korean |
4029 |
|
Russian |
2952 |
|
Tagalog |
10049 |
| Arabic |
2620 |
|
French, etc. |
2197 |
|
Vietnamese |
9999 |
| African languages |
2306 |
|
Japanese |
1392 |
|
Italian |
8992 |
| Japanese |
2201 |
|
Chinese |
1295 |
|
Korean |
7689 |
| Italian |
2158 |
|
Laotian |
1137 |
|
Arabic |
7622 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Arkansas |
|
|
California |
|
|
Colorado |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
82465 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
8105505 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
421670 |
| German |
7444 |
|
Chinese |
815386 |
|
German |
30824 |
| French, etc. |
7312 |
|
Tagalog |
626399 |
|
French, etc. |
18045 |
| Vietnamese |
3467 |
|
Vietnamese |
407119 |
|
Vietnamese |
12499 |
| Chinese |
2529 |
|
Korean |
298076 |
|
Korean |
12045 |
| Laotian |
2502 |
|
Armenian |
155237 |
|
Chinese |
11333 |
| Tagalog |
1627 |
|
Japanese |
154633 |
|
Russian |
10737 |
| Korean |
1250 |
|
Persian |
154321 |
|
Japanese |
6605 |
| Japanese |
1193 |
|
German |
141671 |
|
Italian |
5703 |
| Italian |
1106 |
|
French, etc. |
135067 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
5263 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Connecticut |
|
|
Delaware |
|
|
District of Columbia |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
268044 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
34690 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
49461 |
| Italian |
50891 |
|
French, etc. |
4041 |
|
French, etc. |
9085 |
| French, etc. |
42947 |
|
Chinese |
3579 |
|
African languages |
5181 |
| Polish |
38492 |
|
German |
3420 |
|
Chinese |
2913 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
30667 |
|
Italian |
2860 |
|
German |
2695 |
| Chinese |
15782 |
|
Polish |
2036 |
|
Arabic |
2097 |
| German |
14310 |
|
Korean |
1598 |
|
Italian |
1723 |
| Greek |
9445 |
|
African languages |
1289 |
|
Vietnamese |
1610 |
| Russian |
8807 |
|
Tagalog |
1284 |
|
Tagalog |
1356 |
| French Creole |
7856 |
|
French Creole |
1199 |
|
Russian |
1110 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Florida |
|
|
Georgia |
|
|
Hawaii |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
2476528 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
426115 |
|
Tagalog |
60967 |
| French Creole |
208487 |
|
French, etc. |
43428 |
|
Japanese |
56225 |
| French, etc. |
129118 |
|
German |
32777 |
|
Chinese |
29363 |
| German |
89656 |
|
Vietnamese |
27671 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
18820 |
| Italian |
67257 |
|
Korean |
25814 |
|
Korean |
18337 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
55014 |
|
African languages |
24752 |
|
Vietnamese |
8270 |
| Tagalog |
38442 |
|
Chinese |
23812 |
|
German |
3986 |
| Chinese |
35071 |
|
Gujarathi |
11133 |
|
French, etc. |
3310 |
| Arabic |
32418 |
|
Arabic |
8557 |
|
Laotian |
1920 |
| Vietnamese |
30962 |
|
Japanese |
8257 |
|
Thai |
1496 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Idaho |
|
|
Illinois |
|
|
Indiana |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
80241 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
1253676 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
185576 |
| German |
5666 |
|
Polish |
185749 |
|
German |
44142 |
| French, etc. |
3345 |
|
Chinese |
65251 |
|
French, etc. |
18065 |
| Amerindian Langs. |
2286 |
|
German |
63366 |
|
W German langs |
15706 |
| Serbo-Croatian |
1694 |
|
Tagalog |
62367 |
|
Chinese |
9912 |
| Japanese |
1651 |
|
Italian |
51975 |
|
Polish |
7831 |
| Chinese |
1456 |
|
Korean |
43712 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
5843 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
1374 |
|
French, etc. |
40812 |
|
Japanese |
5339 |
| Vietnamese |
1213 |
|
Greek |
40581 |
|
Arabic |
5338 |
| Tagalog |
1119 |
|
Russian |
38053 |
|
Korean |
5032 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Iowa |
|
|
Kansas |
|
|
Kentucky |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
79491 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
137247 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
70061 |
| German |
17262 |
|
German |
16821 |
|
German |
17898 |
| French, etc. |
7476 |
|
Vietnamese |
10393 |
|
French, etc. |
12499 |
| Serbo-Croatian |
6452 |
|
French, etc. |
6591 |
|
Chinese |
4608 |
| Vietnamese |
6182 |
|
Chinese |
6473 |
|
Japanese |
3777 |
| Chinese |
5191 |
|
Korean |
3666 |
|
Korean |
3730 |
| Laotian |
3939 |
|
Laotian |
3147 |
|
W German langs |
3616 |
| W German langs |
3552 |
|
Arabic |
2834 |
|
Arabic |
3165 |
| Korean |
2493 |
|
Tagalog |
2237 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
3070 |
| Scand. langs. |
2385 |
|
Russian |
1994 |
|
Vietnamese |
3018 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Louisiana |
|
|
Maine |
|
|
Maryland |
|
| French, etc. |
194314 |
|
French, etc. |
63640 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
230829 |
| Spanish, etc. |
105189 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
9611 |
|
French, etc. |
42838 |
| Vietnamese |
23326 |
|
German |
4006 |
|
Chinese |
41883 |
| German |
8047 |
|
Italian |
1476 |
|
African languages |
36967 |
| Chinese |
5731 |
|
Chinese |
1259 |
|
Korean |
32937 |
| Arabic |
5489 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
1191 |
|
German |
23796 |
| French Creole |
4470 |
|
Mon-Khmer, etc. |
1084 |
|
Tagalog |
18495 |
| Italian |
3730 |
|
Vietnamese |
911 |
|
Russian |
17584 |
| Tagalog |
3335 |
|
Russian |
896 |
|
Vietnamese |
14891 |
| Korean |
2402 |
|
Scand. langs. |
779 |
|
Italian |
13798 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Massachusetts |
|
|
Michigan |
|
|
Minnesota |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
370011 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
246688 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
132066 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
159809 |
|
Arabic |
75412 |
|
Miao, Hmong |
41673 |
| French, etc. |
84484 |
|
German |
52366 |
|
German |
35072 |
| Chinese |
71412 |
|
Polish |
40372 |
|
African languages |
24747 |
| Italian |
59811 |
|
French, etc. |
38914 |
|
Vietnamese |
16503 |
| French Creole |
43519 |
|
Italian |
30052 |
|
French, etc. |
15744 |
| Russian |
32580 |
|
Chinese |
26955 |
|
Scand. langs. |
12722 |
| Vietnamese |
30400 |
|
Korean |
13314 |
|
Chinese |
12578 |
| Greek |
28819 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
11950 |
|
Russian |
9629 |
| Polish |
27631 |
|
Tagalog |
11917 |
|
Laotian |
7987 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mississippi |
|
|
Missouri |
|
|
Montana |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
50515 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
110752 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
12953 |
| French, etc. |
10826 |
|
German |
30680 |
|
German |
9416 |
| Amerindian Langs. |
5667 |
|
French, etc. |
19547 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
9372 |
| German |
5501 |
|
Chinese |
11631 |
|
French, etc. |
3298 |
| Vietnamese |
4916 |
|
Vietnamese |
9420 |
|
Scand. langs. |
1335 |
| Chinese |
2506 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
8350 |
|
Italian |
759 |
| Tagalog |
2005 |
|
Italian |
6710 |
|
Japanese |
711 |
| Korean |
1485 |
|
Russian |
5469 |
|
Russian |
610 |
| Italian |
1336 |
|
Arabic |
5137 |
|
Chinese |
528 |
| Arabic |
1081 |
|
African languages |
5117 |
|
Korean |
478 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Nebraska |
|
|
Nevada |
|
|
New Hampshire |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
77655 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
299947 |
|
French, etc. |
39551 |
| German |
8865 |
|
Tagalog |
29476 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
18647 |
| Vietnamese |
5958 |
|
Chinese |
11787 |
|
German |
4788 |
| Other Slavic langs |
4236 |
|
German |
10318 |
|
Greek |
3411 |
| French, etc. |
3631 |
|
French, etc. |
7912 |
|
Chinese |
3268 |
| Chinese |
2409 |
|
Korean |
6634 |
|
Italian |
2649 |
| Arabic |
1628 |
|
Italian |
6169 |
|
Portuguese, etc. |
2394 |
| Russian |
1559 |
|
Japanese |
5678 |
|
Polish |
2094 |
| African languages |
1472 |
|
Vietnamese |
3808 |
|
Arabic |
1462 |
| Polish |
1420 |
|
Thai |
3615 |
|
Vietnamese |
1449 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| New Jersey |
|
|
New Mexico |
|
|
New York |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
967741 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
485681 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
2416126 |
| Italian |
116365 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
95668 |
|
Chinese |
374627 |
| Chinese |
84345 |
|
German |
7871 |
|
Italian |
294271 |
| Polish |
74663 |
|
French, etc. |
4332 |
|
Russian |
218765 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
72870 |
|
Chinese |
2983 |
|
French, etc. |
180809 |
| Tagalog |
66851 |
|
Vietnamese |
2523 |
|
French Creole |
114747 |
| Korean |
55340 |
|
Italian |
1931 |
|
Yiddish |
113514 |
| Gujarathi |
47324 |
|
Tagalog |
1603 |
|
Polish |
111730 |
| French, etc. |
47225 |
|
Japanese |
1263 |
|
Korean |
102105 |
| Arabic |
47052 |
|
Korean |
1197 |
|
German |
92709 |
|
| North Carolina |
|
|
North Dakota |
|
|
Ohio |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
378942 |
|
German |
14931 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
213147 |
| French, etc. |
33201 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
8263 |
|
German |
72647 |
| German |
28520 |
|
Scand. langs. |
3193 |
|
French, etc. |
44594 |
| Chinese |
15698 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
2583 |
|
Italian |
27697 |
| Vietnamese |
13594 |
|
French, etc. |
1597 |
|
W German langs |
26372 |
| Korean |
11386 |
|
Other Slavic langs |
1350 |
|
Chinese |
25704 |
| Arabic |
10834 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
825 |
|
Arabic |
22647 |
| African languages |
9181 |
|
African languages |
459 |
|
Other Slavic langs. |
21230 |
| Miao, Hmong |
7493 |
|
Polish |
452 |
|
Polish |
16462 |
| Tagalog |
6521 |
|
Chinese |
437 |
|
Russian |
16030 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Oklahoma |
|
|
Oregon |
|
|
Pennsylvania |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
141060 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
217614 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
356754 |
| Amerindian Langs. |
19308 |
|
German |
18400 |
|
Italian |
70434 |
| German |
13445 |
|
Vietnamese |
17805 |
|
German |
68672 |
| Vietnamese |
11330 |
|
Russian |
16344 |
|
W German langs |
51073 |
| French, etc. |
8258 |
|
Chinese |
15504 |
|
French, etc. |
47735 |
| Chinese |
6413 |
|
French, etc. |
11837 |
|
Chinese |
42790 |
| Korean |
3948 |
|
Japanese |
9377 |
|
Russian |
32189 |
| Arabic |
3265 |
|
Korean |
9185 |
|
Polish |
31717 |
| Tagalog |
2888 |
|
Tagalog |
6181 |
|
Korean |
25978 |
| African languages |
2546 |
|
Arabic |
3723 |
|
Vietnamese |
25880 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Rhode Island |
|
|
South Carolina |
|
|
South Dakota |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
79443 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
110030 |
|
German |
13422 |
| Portuguese, etc. |
37437 |
|
French, etc. |
19110 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
11302 |
| French, etc. |
19385 |
|
German |
15195 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
10052 |
| Italian |
13759 |
|
Chinese |
5648 |
|
French, etc. |
1256 |
| Mon-Khmer, etc. |
5586 |
|
Tagalog |
4496 |
|
African languages |
1042 |
| French Creole |
4337 |
|
Vietnamese |
3772 |
|
Scand. langs. |
1024 |
| Chinese |
3882 |
|
Korean |
3294 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
573 |
| Laotian |
3195 |
|
Italian |
3091 |
|
Chinese |
569 |
| Polish |
2966 |
|
Japanese |
2807 |
|
Vietnamese |
553 |
| German |
2841 |
|
Greek |
2566 |
|
Tagalog |
457 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Tennessee |
|
|
Texas |
|
|
Utah |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
133931 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
5195182 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
150244 |
| German |
20267 |
|
Vietnamese |
122517 |
|
German |
12095 |
| French, etc. |
17557 |
|
Chinese |
91500 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
10872 |
| Chinese |
7492 |
|
German |
82117 |
|
French, etc. |
7905 |
| Vietnamese |
6625 |
|
French, etc. |
62274 |
|
Chinese |
7093 |
| Korean |
6550 |
|
Tagalog |
39988 |
|
Portuguese, etc. |
5715 |
| Arabic |
6482 |
|
Korean |
38451 |
|
Vietnamese |
5202 |
| Laotian |
4496 |
|
African languages |
36087 |
|
Japanese |
5032 |
| African languages |
4480 |
|
Urdu |
32978 |
|
Scand. langs. |
3281 |
| Japanese |
4423 |
|
Arabic |
32909 |
|
Korean |
3214 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Vermont |
|
|
Virginia |
|
|
Washington |
|
| French, etc. |
14624 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
316274 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
321490 |
| Spanish, etc. |
5791 |
|
French, etc. |
40117 |
|
Chinese |
48459 |
| German |
2612 |
|
Korean |
39636 |
|
Tagalog |
41674 |
| Serbo-Croatian |
1600 |
|
Tagalog |
33598 |
|
Vietnamese |
39829 |
| Italian |
1198 |
|
German |
32736 |
|
German |
39702 |
| Polish |
977 |
|
Vietnamese |
31918 |
|
Korean |
39522 |
| Vietnamese |
812 |
|
Chinese |
29837 |
|
Russian |
31339 |
| Chinese |
782 |
|
Arabic |
25984 |
|
Japanese |
24055 |
| Russian |
554 |
|
African languages |
21164 |
|
French, etc. |
22385 |
| Scand. langs. |
415 |
|
Persian |
19199 |
|
Mon-Khmer, etc. |
14559 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| West Virginia |
|
|
Wisconsin |
|
|
Wyoming |
|
| Spanish, etc. |
17652 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
168778 |
|
Spanish, etc. |
18606 |
| French, etc. |
5693 |
|
German |
48409 |
|
German |
2382 |
| German |
5040 |
|
Miao, Hmong |
30569 |
|
Amerindian Langs. |
1975 |
| Italian |
2815 |
|
French, etc. |
14970 |
|
French, etc. |
1618 |
| Chinese |
1634 |
|
Polish |
12097 |
|
Japanese |
518 |
| Arabic |
1563 |
|
Chinese |
7951 |
|
Chinese |
512 |
| Japanese |
1135 |
|
Italian |
6774 |
|
Italian |
363 |
| Tagalog |
970 |
|
Scand. langs. |
5651 |
|
Scand. langs. |
358 |
| Greek |
912 |
|
Russian |
5362 |
|
Korean |
347 |
| Polish |
763 |
|
Serbo-Croatian |
4988 |
|
Tagalog |
340 |
|
|
